One serene day, Krishna wandered along the enchanting Yamuna, captivated by her pristine beauty, the queen of all rivers. As he strolled, his eyes fell upon an unusual sight—a gigantic lake, radiant yet forbidding, nestled within the tranquil landscape. The lake stretched one yojana in length, its waters deep and ominously still, like a mirror reflecting the stormy skies.
The air was thick with a venomous haze, and the surroundings bore no signs of life. Predatory beasts avoided its waters, and no aquatic birds dared to dip their wings. The virtuous sages who performed their ablutions thrice daily avoided this cursed spot.
The few brave creatures who ventured too close were consumed by the toxic fumes emanating from the lake. Flames danced across its surface, and the scorched and barren banks could not be approached.
Undeterred by the ominous aura, Krishna stood on the banks, his mind clear and resolute. Observing the poisonous fumes and the eerie stillness, he discerned the lake's secret.
"This lake belongs to Kaliya, the dreadful serpent king, as dark and formidable as a mass of collyrium," Krishna thought.
"Once, Kaliya dwelled in the vast ocean, but my banishment forced him to flee. He now cowers here, seeking refuge from Garuda, the mighty Suparna who preys on serpents. In his fear, Kaliya has poisoned this part of the Yamuna, rendering it lifeless. No one dares to reside in this region, and the forest surrounding it is wild and untamed, a lair for the serpent's kin."
Krishna's gaze travelled to the kadamba trees growing near the edge of the poisonous waters, their roots extending precariously into the cursed depths. Despite the desolation, the trees stood tall, defiant against the toxic fumes.
"It is my dharma to purify this lake," Krishna resolved, his heart swelling with divine purpose. "The Yamuna must once again become a source of life and joy for the people of Vraja. By ridding this lake of Kaliya's tyranny, I will restore balance to the land. This is why I had taken this avatar—to uproot deceit and vanquish the wicked."
With the carefree spirit of a child and the wisdom of the divine, Krishna approached a sturdy kadamba tree. The tree, it seemed, sensed the touch of the sacred and blossomed anew, its branches sturdy and strong. Climbing it effortlessly, Krishna perched atop a high branch, his form radiant and serene.
The stage was set for a battle of celestial proportions—Krishna, the defender of dharma, against Kaliya, the harbinger of chaos. The time to restore the Yamuna's sanctity had come.
The Subjugation of Kaliya
As Krishna approached the banks of the poisoned Yamuna, a resolute determination radiated from his youthful form. Tightening his waistband, he ascended a towering kadamba tree, its branches swaying in quiet submission to the divine touch.
Perched high above the toxic waters, Krishna's form was mesmerizing—like a dark monsoon cloud, his lotus-like eyes brimming with purpose. He leapt from the tree swiftly and gracefully, piercing the lake's surface with a resounding splash that reverberated like a cosmic drumbeat.
The tranquil, venomous waters erupted into chaos, spilling over the banks and quaking as if struck by a celestial force. Deep within the lake, the mighty serpent Kaliya stirred, his sleep disrupted by the divine presence.
Rising from the depths, the serpent emerged in all his terrifying glory, his five heads ablaze with fiery rage. His immense form, dark as storm clouds and exuding poison, towered over the lake, and the air grew heavy with his venomous breath. Flames danced from his mouth, and his eyes glowed blood-red, blazing with fury.
Kaliya coiled his enormous body around Krishna, tightening his grip to crush the divine child. The waters churned with poison, and the serpent's minions—his wives, sons, and attendants—joined in the assault, spewing fire and venom. Yet, despite the overwhelming attack, Krishna remained unharmed, his serene face unyielding amid chaos.
News of Krishna'speril reached the gopas in Vraja, plunging them into despair. Terrified, theyrushed to the banks of the lake, weeping and lamenting.Nandagopa, Krishna's father, led the way, his heart heavy with grief. "Myson is trapped! The serpent will devour him!" he cried, his voicetrembling.
Yashoda, inconsolable, wailed, "How can my heart not shatter seeing my beloved son in such peril? If Krishna is lost to us, what is Vraja without him?" The women of Vraja's voices, filled with sorrow, declared they would follow Yashoda into the lake, preferring death over a life without Krishna.
Samkarshana (Balarama), Krishna's elder brother and divine counterpart, stood firm among them. Though grief tugged at his heart, his divine wisdom recognized Krishna's true nature. "O Krishna, mighty-armed one," he said in a voice of encouragement, "these mortals, blinded by love, see you as a mere human. Show them your true strength. Destroy the serpent and restore peace to the Yamuna."
The Dance of Victory
Galvanized by his brother's words, Krishna broke free from Kaliya's crushing coils. With divine agility, he leapt onto the serpent's central hood. As Kaliya thrashed and spewed venom, Krishna began to dance—a celestial dance of cosmic power and grace. His anklets jingled melodiously, their rhythm overpowering the chaos. Each step crushed the serpent's pride, subduing his venom and fury. Blood flowed from Kaliya's mouth, and his hoods bowed under the weight of Krishna's relentless dance.
Finally, exhausted and broken, Kaliya lowered his head in submission. "O Krishna, forgive my ignorance," he pleaded, his voice trembling. "You have crushed my arrogance and destroyed my poison. Grant me and my family your mercy. Command us, and we shall obey."
Krishna, his anger subsiding, spared the serpent's life. "Leave this lake and go to the ocean," he commanded. "You and your kin shall bear my footprints on your hood to symbolize my protection. Garuda, the enemy of serpents, will not harm you. These waters of the Yamuna must remain pure and untainted. Never return to this place, for any serpent found here will meet destruction."
Grateful and humbled, Kaliya accepted Krishna's mark and vanished into the depths, leaving the lake serenely.
The gopas andgopis, who had watched the divine spectacle in awe, erupted in joyous praise."Blessed are we to witness such a marvel! Krishna, the hidden fire amongus, has restored life to the Yamuna and saved Vraja," they declared.
Nandagopa and Yashoda embraced their son, relief streaming down their faces. The waters of the Yamuna shimmered with newfound purity, and the land of Vraja rejoiced. Cows grazed contentedly, the air rang with laughter, and the people of Vraja knew that Krishna, their protector and lord, was no ordinary child.
Across the vast expanse of Aryavarta, word of Krishna's incredible feats travelled like wildfire. Stories of the young boy who subdued the mighty Kaliya and vanquished formidable asuras stirred awe and wonder in every corner of the land. From royal courts to serene hermitages, his name was on every tongue. Kings listened in disbelief, sages pondered the significance, and ordinary folk marveled at the tales of his unmatched power. Slowly but surely, Krishna was no longer seen as just a playful child of Vraja. Instead, a sense of reverence began to envelop his name, casting him in a divine light that seemed to grow brighter with every passing day.
The Advisor's Gambit
In the tranquil corridors of Hastinapur's royal palace, peace had settled, much like a calm sea. King Dritarashtra, devoted to dharma, ruled with the guidance of his learned ministers, including the wise Vidura, who always steered the kingdom with the wisdom of ages. Queen Gandhari stood by him, teaching her children the values of righteousness and justice.
Though no immediate conflict threatened the kingdom, the seeds of ambition were quietly sown elsewhere. Shakuni, the uncle of the Kauravas, could not afford to wait for the winds of fortune to blow on their own. He knew that to secure the future of his nephews on the throne; he needed a powerful voice in the royal court, someone who could subtly influence decisions without being overtly noticed.
Shakuni's eyes turned to a trusted confidant, a Brahman of sharp intellect and strategic foresight—Kanika.
Kanika was known for his exceptional understanding of governance, law, and statecraft. Though he had no blood relation to Gandara's royal family, his reputation as a master tactician was growing in the royal court of Gandara, and Shakuni knew that this would be the right moment to bring him into the fold.
"Kanika," Shakuni began one evening, as they sat in a quiet chamber, "The kingdom of Hastinapur is at peace for now, but the right counsel can quickly sway that peace. The Kauravas are still young, and King Dritarashtra, while wise, does not yet have someone who truly understands the shifting tides of power. Your place is in the Hastinapur royal court, where your wisdom can shape the future."
Kanika's expression was calm, yet his eyes betrayed the fire of ambition. "And how will I find my way into the royal council, Shakuni? The king already has trusted men—Vidura, the wisest among them, holds great influence. How can I challenge that?"
Shakuni leaned in, a gleam in his eyes. "You won't challenge them, Kanika. You will offer them something they lack—a fresh perspective, a new vision. The kingdom needs someone who can think beyond tradition and show the way in a world that is changing faster than the kings realize. I will arrange a meeting with King Dritarashtra. He will see the value you bring."
The next day, Kanika entered the royal palace of Hastinapur in his simple Brahmanical robes. His calm demeanour belied the storm of thoughts racing through his mind. He had been chosen to walk the delicate line between diplomacy and influence, wisdom and strategy. The court was full of advisors, ministers, and royal officials, all attending to the king's matters. Among them, the most esteemed was Vidura, the eldest brother of Dritarashtra, whose wisdom was unparalleled.
King Dritarashtra, though blind, had always been known for his acute perception. He could sense a person's worth by their aura, their presence. As Kanika entered, the courtiers glanced at one another, intrigued by the Brahman's confidence.
"Kanika, you have been brought here by my brother-in-law Shakuni," Dritarashtra said, his voice warm but firm. "What wisdom do you bring to this court? This kingdom is guided by dharma, and I wish my sons to learn from the best. We do not need a counsellor who speaks in riddles but one who speaks the truth."
Kanika, bowing respectfully, replied, "Your Majesty, Dharma is indeed the foundation of this kingdom. But dharma alone cannot sustain a kingdom in peace and peril. One must also understand the art of governance, the balance between justice and mercy, strength and diplomacy. I seek to offer guidance on where wisdom and strategy intersect."
Dritarashtra nodded thoughtfully, signaling that Kanika should continue.
It was then that Vidura, who had been silent till now, spoke, his voice resonating with wisdom. "You speak well, Kanika. But tell me this—how would you advise a king who must navigate the fine line between protecting his children and ensuring the welfare of his kingdom? How would you deal with the ambition of his sons when their hearts grow restless, and the desire for power takes root?"
The court fell silent. Vidura's question was not easy, and all eyes turned to Kanika. Even Shakuni, who had been the mastermind behind Kanika's introduction to the court, awaited his answer with quiet anticipation.
Kanika took a moment, his mind calculating the best response. "The king's first duty is to his kingdom, Mahamantri Vidura. His children, though precious, are part of that kingdom's future. If a king cedes his power to his children too soon, they will lack the discipline and wisdom to rule justly. The ambition of the sons must be tempered with guidance. The best way to deal with restless ambition is not through suppression but by channeling it into noble endeavors. A king must teach his sons the value of dharma not through empty words but through action. If a son's ambition is harnessed for the greater good, he will become a worthy ruler."
Vidura raised an eyebrow, impressed by Kanika's thoughtful response. At that moment, Shakuni's eyes gleamed with satisfaction. Kanika's wisdom was undeniable, and his understanding of the delicate political dynamics in Hastinapur was unmatched. The courtiers, including Dritarashtra, were taken aback by the depth of his insight.
After a long deliberation, Dritarashtra turned to his ministers. "Kanika's words have struck a chord with me," he said. "His wisdom is rare, and his understanding of governance and dharma unparalleled. I believe his counsel will be valuable to the future of Hastinapur."
Turning to Kanika, he added, "You have earned your place in this court, Kanika. I welcome you as a trusted advisor. May your wisdom guide me in the times ahead."
Kanika bowed deeply, his mind already working on the next phase of his plan. He had earned his place by his words and ability to see the undercurrents of power in the kingdom. As he took his seat among the royal advisors, he knew this was the beginning of a much larger game. He had gained access to the heart of Hastinapur, and now, the course of the kingdom's future lay in his hands.
The Seeds of Dharma
In the sacred woods of Shatashringa mountain, far from the hustle of Hastinapur, the Pandavas had embraced the path of Dharma under the watchful guidance of Maharishi Atri. These sons of Pandu—Vasusena, Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva—had not just been taught the skills of warfare or governance but had been carefully nurtured in the profound teachings of the Vedas under the great sage whom Brahma himself had blessed.
Maharishi Atri's wisdom was unmatched, and his voice resonated with the divine authority that carried the essence of the universe.
When Maharishi Atri came to Pandu during Arjuna's birth, he sensed something extraordinary in the children: a deep connection to the divine. He requested to take the children under his wing. In trusting the sage, Pandu allowed his children to be molded into warriors and rulers who would understand the core of life, truth, and justice.
The teachings, however, were never simple. They were layered with complexities, for Dharma was not a path easily defined. Maharishi Atri's wisdom flowed like a river, guiding them towards righteousness but with an understanding that Dharma was not rigid. It was compassionate, and sometimes, the greatest act of righteousness lay in accepting imperfection.
"Remember, Putr," Maharishi Atri would say, "Dharma should allow you to embrace freedom without binding you to anything, anyone, or any vow."
These words struck deep into the hearts of the Pandavas. Yudhishthira, always known for his steadfast adherence to truth, could not help but voice his concern.
"Gurudeva," Yudhishthira asked humbly, "Is breaking a vow, not adharma? Does it not destroy the very foundation of one's integrity?"
The sage smiled warmly, his eyes twinkling with a divine understanding. "Dharmaraj," he began, "Indeed, breaking a vow for personal gain is adharma. But breaking a vow to protect Dharma, life, and truth is the highest form of righteousness. If you break a vow knowing that what you do serves the greater good, it reflects your compassion and understanding of the world."
He paused, then his gaze turned to Vasusena, who had quietly listened. "Suryaputr," Maharishi Atri continued, his voice steady and compassionate, "It seems you have something you wish to ask."
Vasusena, the eldest of the Pandavas, his heart full of conflict and deep thought, spoke candidly. "Gurudeva, I see the world differently from my brothers. Yudhishthira believes in a strict adherence to Dharma. But for me, Dharma isn't about rules or rigidity. It's about embracing the changing world. Why should caste, birth, or titles define one's Dharma? A Shudra's Dharma may be as important as that of a Kshatriya. For me, the intention behind an action is what matters, not the form it takes. But my question is this: Dharma is different for each of us. How do I know I'm on the right path when my understanding of Dharma may clash with others?"
The sage's face softened with a knowing smile. "Putr, your heart is wise, and your understanding is ahead of your years. Dharma differs for each person, and you, as a future king, must remember this. Just as Surya Dev's light reaches every person, whether a king or a pauper, so should your compassion and mercy be extended to all equally. A ruler should never discriminate. Dharma is all-encompassing—it includes the righteous and the fallen, the noble and the common."
Maharishi Atri looked at each of the Pandavas. "Dharma is not about rigid definitions. It is an evolving concept, a path of compassion, truth, and balance. To follow Dharma, you must rise above labels and see the truth in the heart of all beings."
The Lessons of Dharma
Atri gathered the six Pandavas around him, his eyes filled with wisdom and a serene smile gracing his face. "Now, my dear sons," he began, "listen carefully. What I am about to share will guide you throughout your lives. Dharma is not a simple path; it is a multifaceted concept encompassing every aspect of existence. Remember this well and hold it close to your hearts."
Dharma is for the soul, not for the body. A Kshatriya may face the excruciating choice of fighting against his kin in battle. Though the conflict wounds the heart and body, the soul is nourished if the focus remains on the greater good. This act, however painful, becomes Dharma when it transcends selfish desires for the sake of righteousness."
"Dharma is a Duty. Consider Mahadev, who drank the deadly poison during the Samudra Manthan. The world teetered on the brink of annihilation, yet he did not hesitate. His duty drove him to protect creation at great personal cost, not for glory, but because it was his role in the universe's balance. That is true Dharma—selfless responsibility toward others."
"Dharma is unique to each person. In the Ramayana, Bharata and Vibhishana represent different paths of Dharma. Bharata upheld familial loyalty, refusing the throne out of respect for his brother, Ram. Vibhishana, however, prioritized truth over blood, abandoning his tyrannical brother, Ravana, to stand with Ram. Both upheld Dharma in their own ways, shaped by their inner truths."
"Dharma is imperfect. There were two friends, Dhruva, a chef, and Sangeet, a musician. Dhruva, yearning to emulate Sangeet, practiced music tirelessly but remained unfulfilled. Yet, as a chef, he created dishes that delighted others and brought joy. He found his true path not by imitating but by embracing his passion. Sons, following your Dharma imperfectly is better than attempting another's perfect."
"Dharma is about being all-inclusive. King Bali, a powerful asura, ruled the three worlds, disrupting the cosmic balance. To restore harmony, Narayan incarnated as Vamana, a humble dwarf Brahmin, and approached Bali during a yajna. Vamana asked for three paces of land as his Dakshina. Bali, generous and devout, agreed. With his first two steps, Vamana covered the earth and heavens. For the third, Bali, realizing he was outwitted, humbly offered his own head.
Vamana's act was not about defeating Bali but restoring balance with wisdom and compassion. Though stripped of his power, Bali was honored for his devotion and made ruler of Patal Lok.
Shri Hari's action wasn't about defeating Bali but about using wisdom and compassion to restore balance, demonstrating that dharma is about understanding the situation and acting in a way that benefits all while maintaining one's promises."
Looking at Vasusena and Arjuna, Atri said, "Suryaputr, you value equality, and Vamana embodied this. He treated Bali respectfully, even in defeat, showing compassion for all. At the same time, Vamana chose strategy and wisdom over force. As warriors, remember that true victory often lies in restraint and clarity of purpose."
When Adharma Prevails, Dharma Will Rise Again
"Dharma is re-established," Maharishi Atri began, his voice carrying a weight of wisdom that made every word resonate deeply with the Pandavas. His serene demeanor reflected the timeless truths he was about to share.
"In the Narasimha avatar," he continued, "Vishnu incarnated to protect his devout follower, Prahalada, and to restore dharma when the demon king Hiranyakashipu disrupted the natural order. Hiranyakashipu, consumed by arrogance and blinded by power, sought to replace the gods with himself. He demanded worship from his subjects and went to the extreme of attempting to kill his own son, Prahalada, for refusing to forsake his devotion to Vishnu.
Hiranyakashipu's tyranny was unchecked, for he had been granted a boon that made him seemingly invincible: he could not be killed by man or beast, day or night, inside or outside, or by any weapon. However, when adharma (unrighteousness) reached its zenith, Narayan intervened. Taking the form of Narasimha, a being neither fully man nor beast, Vishnu emerged from a pillar at twilight.
He dragged Hiranyakashipu to the threshold of a courtyard—neither indoors nor outdoors—and tore him apart with his claws, weapons not forged by man. Thus, Narasimha fulfilled the boon conditions while demonstrating that no force, no matter how powerful, could stand against dharma when the universe itself seeks balance."
As Maharishi Atri recounted this tale, the six Pandavas—Vasusena, Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva —listened intently. Each of them found different lessons in the story.
"For all the six of you," Maharishi Atri continued, his gaze lingering on each of them, "this story embodies a fundamental truth. When adharma takes root and spreads, dharma will inevitably rise again, often in unexpected and divine ways. You must uphold dharma in your choices, no matter how challenging the circumstances. Understand it, absorb it, and act when the time comes."
The Pandavas bowed deeply, taking the Maharishi's blessings, and left his hermitage. However, as they departed, Maharishi Atri, with his spiritual power, sought an audience with Devi Niyati, the embodiment of destiny herself.
"Pranam, Mata," Atri said, folding his hands in reverence. "As you instructed, I have imparted the knowledge of dharma to them, the lessons that Shri Krishna bestowed upon Arjuna during the Kurukshetra war. But, Mata, why now? Is it not too soon?"
Devi Niyati smiled enigmatically, her presence radiating both warmth and authority. "Putr Atri, I have ensured that this knowledge reaches them now so they can observe the choices they will make. This Yug is being rewritten—a path never traversed before. I am altering the courses of lives and issuing direct warnings when needed. The knowledge they have received is crucial for the decisions ahead. If, even after this, they fail to uphold dharma, then I, Niyati, cannot help but destroy this rewritten path. The people of Kaliyuga will only remember the original Mahabharata and live their lives as they always have, bound by its legacy."
Atri hesitated, then asked cautiously, "Mata, are you trying to prevent the Kurukshetra war?"
Devi Niyati's smile deepened, her expression unreadable. "Oh, Putr, you seek certainties where only possibilities exist. Perhaps I am, or perhaps I am not. In its original course, the Kurukshetra war occurred because of the choices made by those who walked the earth then. This time, we will see what choices are made. I merely weave the fabric of destiny based on the threads they provide. If all paths align once more, then, yes, the Kurukshetra war will unfold to end this Yug. But, as I said, no one will remember this story of mine if it comes to pass."
The celestial beings, privy to this conversation, were filled with awe and dread. The stakes had never been higher. They understood the price of adharma—souls lost, unable to reach either heaven or hell. But now, they realized the ultimate cost: the very existence of this rewritten Yug could vanish into obscurity if humanity faltered in its understanding of dharma.
"Mata," Atri murmured, "Mahadev was right. You weave the game of destiny in your own way, and none can alter its course. Until they choose the path of dharma, the outcome will remain uncertain."
Devi Niyati's laughter echoed gently, as mysterious and eternal as the cosmos. "Let us see, Putr. Let us see."
Note:
Kanika is one of the prominent ministers in Dritarashtra's council, as mentioned in the original Mahabharata. He is notably known for advising Dritarashtra to send the Pandavas to Varnavat to get them killed in the Lakshagriha (House of Lac). His strategies and principles are encapsulated in the famous Kanikaneeti, often regarded as a precursor or foundation to Chanakyaneeti. Many believe that Kanika was the first to introduce the tactical framework of Saam, Dham, Dand, and Bhed (conciliation, inducement, punishment, and division) in governance and strategy.
In this story, I have taken creative liberty in portraying how Kanika forayed into the Hastinapur's ministerial council, as there are limited details about his exact role in traditional texts. If you have any credible references or additional information on this, please feel free to share the text or links.
As per the texts, Shakuni, for the majority of the time, is in Gandara only; it is Kanika who was his ear and eyes in the Hastinapur.